The main things that lead to destruction of the ozone gas in the ozone layer. It is revealed that introduction of chloroflourocarbons cfcs in the environment is the most rated cause. Ozone layer depletion encyclopedia of life support. It is a very aggressive cancer and quickly grows inwards and causes secondary tumours to. The depletion has lessened since then and now is about 3% averaged over the globe. The ozone layer is a protective shield that blocks the suns harmful ultraviolet rays. What is an ozone hole and causes and effects of ozone.
Stratospheric ozone depletion s depletion of the global ozone layer increased gradually in the 1980s and reached a maximum of about 5% in the early 1990s. The envelope of air or different types of gases surrounding the earth is known as atmosphere. The merger took place in mid 1999s and the effect was the alpha bank. Ozone layer has been found to be affected by certain natural phenomenon such as sun spots and stratospheric winds. Ozone and environment ozone o3 a gas composed of three atoms of oxygen bluish gas that is harmful to breathe nearly 90% of the earths ozone is in the stratosphere and is referred to as the ozone layer ozone absorbs a band of ultraviolet radiation called uvb ozonedepleting substances ods. Ozone o3 is a stratospheric layer that plays important role in providing support to humans for their survival. Developing countries mostly comprise of large firms while developing countries contain large and medium size firms. To conclude, it is crucial to clearly differentiate between what this book claims and what it does not. We use your linkedin profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads. Ozone layer depletion cause, effects, and solutions. In semiconductor physics, the depletion region, also called depletion layer, depletion zone, junction region, space charge region or space charge layer, is an insulating region within a conductive, doped semiconductor material where the mobile charge carriers have been diffused away, or have been forced away by an electric field. B dobson and other scientists in measuring concentrations of chloride and ozone in the atmosphere g. Case study on ozone layer free download as powerpoint presentation.
Experts blame ozonelayer depletion on manmade chemicals containing chlorine and bromine that are emitted from a. Currently, the vienna convention and the montreal protocol enjoy almost universal acceptance. Ozone layer depletion causes, effects and solutions 7. A summary of the ozone depletion issue, below, with highlighted terms that you can click on for further information. Addressing ozone layer depletion ozone layer protection. Find out what caused the ozone hole, and how the 1989 montreal protocol sought to put an end to ozone depletion. The depletion of the ozone layer is a major concern today. There are many situations where human activities have. The origins of uncertainty about the factors that affect the ozone layer are, as seen, very diverse. Learn more about the process, causes, and effects of. Ozone layer depletion and its ill effects in australia. The ozone layer is a belt of the naturallyoccuring gas ozone that sits at an altitude of between 15 and 30 kilometers above the earth.
The thinning is most pronounced in the polar regions, especially over antarctica. Ozone depletion facts and information national geographic. But through domestic and international action, the ozone layer is healing and should fully recover by about 2065. Pdf causes of ozone layer depletion and its effects on. Stratospheric ozone depletion leads to an increase in uvb that reach the earths surface, where it can disrupt biological processes and damage a number of materials the fact that uvb can cause biological effects is well demonstrated by the familiar sunburn that follows. The ozone layer helps to protect life from harmful ultraviolet radiation.
Ozone is an irritating, corrosive, colorless gas with a smell something like burning electrical wiring. The good news about the ozone hole is even better than you think. Obviously, both ozone depletion and climate change are problems with global extent that emerge from. Ozone is a molecule consisting of three oxygen atoms o3 and has the property of being highly toxic because of its radioactivity. The ozone layer is responsible for absorbing harmful ultraviolet rays, and preventing them from entering the earths atmosphere. Find out what caused the ozone hole, and how the 1989 montreal. Dramatically every spring you may have heard this called the ozone hole. Coulomb force from ions prevents further migration across the pn junction. Stratospheric ozone depletion is a concern because the ozone layer in the stratosphere keeps 9599% of the suns ultraviolet radiation from striking the earth. B dobson inferred correctly that the cause of the warm stratosphere was heating by the absorption of ultraviolet solar radiation by ozone, and he set out to.
Its consequences, the causal debate, and international cooperation number 6 february 8, 1988 since the announcement of a thinning of the ozone layer over the antarctic by uk scientists in 1985, world attention has been focusing on the causes of this phenomenon. Cfc 11, or r11 has the maximum potential amongst chlorocarbons because of the presence of three. The ozone layer lies approximately 1540 kilometers 1025 miles above the earths surface, in the stratosphere. Case study depletion of ozone in the atmosphere the work of g. Ozone layer, region of the upper atmosphere, between roughly 15 and 35 km 9 and 22 miles above earths surface, containing relatively high concentrations of ozone molecules. Let us see some of the important causes and effects of ozone layer depletion. Other electrons from the n region cannot migrate because they are repelled by the negative ions in the p region and attracted by the positive ions. The main causes identified for depletion of resources are. Its causes, effects, and possible solutions essay sample. First, i do not claim that eventually solving climate change and other global environmental problems can be accomplished with less than universal participation.
The same can, of course, be said for the other types of mergers. As the eruption of mount pinatubo proved in 1991, natural eruptions can have a dramatic negative effect on the manmade ozone layer depletion chemicals that are in the atmosphere. Timeline of stratospheric ozone depletion and observations. Efstathios demetriades3, kavala institute of technology abstract this study investigates the merger effects of two banks. Causes and effects of ozone layer depletion that are. The stratospheric ozone layer completely stops the penetration of uvc rays and eliminates most of the uvb rays. The ozone layer protects us from the harmful rays of the sun. Project report on ozone depletion environmental pollution. Approximately 90 percent of the atmospheres ozone occurs from 1018 km 611 miles to about 50 km about 30 miles above earths surface. The good news about the ozone hole is even better than you. Chlorodifluoromethane r22, for example, has an odp of 0.
The ozone depletion potential odp of a chemical compound is the relative amount of degradation to the ozone layer it can cause, with trichlorofluoromethane r11 or cfc11 being fixed at an odp of 1. The the causes and effects of global ozone depletion have been illuminated in this paper. Low temperatures, increase in the level of chlorine and bromine gases in the upper stratosphere are some of the reasons that leads to ozone layer depletion. Effects of uv rays on aquatic ecosystems ozone depletion causes increases in uv rayss effects on aquatic ecosystems by. It is an essential factor for many global, biological and environmental phenomena. The average depletion exceeds the natural yeartoyear variations of global total ozone. It is revealed that introduction of chloroflourocarbons cfcs in the environment is the most rated cause of said depiction. Analyse the possible effects when a merger of two large companies occur and discuss why there is sometimes opposition to such mergers. The effect of mergers and acquisitions on the performance of companies the greek case of ionikilaiki bank and pisteos bank. We often think of ozone layer depletion as a modern problem, but it is something that started well before the 1970s. The various possible consequences of mergers are depicted in table 1. However, various factors have led to the depletion and damage of this protective layer. The ultraviolet uv rays emitted from sun are captured by ozone and thereby provide a stable ontological structure in the biosphere. The objective of firms varies according to the size of the businesses.
Physics of semiconductor devices pn junction depletion. The causes, mechanism and bioeffects of ozone layer depletion on humans were addressed. Turn your pdf or hard copy worksheet into an editable digital worksheet. Physics of semiconductor devices pn junction depletion width problem a silicon pn diode has a doping of n d 81015 1 cm3 and n a 210 16 1 cm3. The ozone layer acts as a natural filter, absorbing most of the suns burning ultraviolet uv rays. Causes and effects of ozone layer depletion that are truly dangerous duration. Ozone layer introduction the ozone layer refers to the ozone within stratosphere, where over 90% of the earths ozone resides. Therefore, the ozone layer protects life on earth from the harmful effects of solar radiation on a daily basis. Learn more about the process, causes, and effects of ozone layer depletion. The effect of mergers and acquisitions on the performance. The montreal protocol to the vienna convention, adopted in 1989, pinpointed a series of substances cfcs and halons believed to be the culprits of ozone layer depletion and mandated their gradual phasingout.
Since all horizontal mergers eliminate competition between the merging companies, any horizontal merger that meets our test for an increase in efficiency must do so because its net effect is to increase efficiency. Ozone depletion, gradual thinning of earths ozone layer in the upper atmosphere caused by the release of chemical compounds containing gaseous chlorine or bromine from industry and other human activities. Ozone layer depletion ozone layer depletion is the gradual thinning of the earths ozone layer in the upper atmosphere caused due tho release of chemical compounds containing gaseous bromine or chlorine from industries or other human activities. This website addresses stratospheric ozone issues, including the science of ozone depletion, epas regulatory approach to protecting the ozone layer, epaapproved alternatives to ozone depleting substances, and sun safety. The electrons which had migrated across from the n to the p region in the forming of the depletion layer have now reached equilibrium. There is shortage of drinking water and water for irrigation.
Depletion of this layer by ozone depleting substances ods will lead to higher uvb levels, which in turn will cause increased skin cancers and cataracts and potential damage to some marine organisms, plants, and plastics. The causes, mechanism and bio effects of ozone layer depletion on humans were addressed. Causes of ozone layer depletion and its effects on human. Ozone depletion is allowing the uv radiation to earth surface. Let us have a detailed look at the various causes and effects of ozone layer depletion. It is found largely in the stratosphere that extends from about 6 km at the poles and 17 km at the equator to about 50 km above the earths surface. Various anthropogenic activities such as emissions of.
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